Cascara sagrada rhamnus purshiana potted tree, gallon size. Draft list of references supporting the assessment of rhamnus purshiana dc. Some products may not mix well with other drugs or natural products. North america 5, the rest from the north temperate regions, south america and south africa. Qualitative and quantitative composition 1, 1 wellestablished use traditional use. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
Cascara rhamnus purshiana is a small deciduous tree at our nursery. Video shows a couple cascara trees and tips for identification. Buckthorn rhamnaceae hardy to zones 6 to 10 small to midsized deciduous tree. Native to the western coast of north america and the rocky mountains. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for subspecies profiles.
The bark and berries of rhamnus cathartica are cathartic. Dataset gbif backbone taxonomy rank species published in. Pdf use of dietary supplements in presurgical patients. May grow as a small tree to 50 tall and 2 in diameter, or an erect shrub multiple trunks to 15 tall. Native to moist places from mendocino county northwards and throughout the sierra nevadas, this medium sized deciduous tree is distinctive for its shiny, green leaves with strong venation. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Rhamnus purshiana cascara buckthorn, cascara, bearberry, and in the chinook jargon, chittam or chitticum. The plants database includes the following 3 subspecies of frangula purshiana. This name is a synonym of frangula purshiana cooper.
The bark is stored for at least one year up to 3 in order to allow for the consitituents that would otherwise cause griping to decompose. A shrub or small tree with dark green, deeply veined leaves. Frangula purshiana name homonyms rhamnus purshiana pursh dc. Most herbalists recommend the bark, aged at least one year or alternatively heated in a food dehydrator at 8090 degrees celsius for at least 24 hours, and then powdered traditionally, the aged. Many nonnative species have been naturalized in the us. Frangula is considered by some to be a subgenus of the buckthorn genus, rhamnus. No stock or cant ship more info about our plant sizes. Plants profile for frangula purshiana cascara buckthorn. The information contained herein is for informational purposes only and does not establish a. Sep 16, 2015 rhamnus purshianafrangula common name.
Cascara sagrada rhamnus purshiana herbal monograph. Updated for itis by the flora of north america expertise network, in connection with an update for usda plants 20072010 reference for. Cascara rhamnus purshiana you are free to use this image with the following photo credit. Rhamnus definition of rhamnus by the free dictionary. Chaparral, mixedevergreen forest, redwood forest and yellow pine forest. Please call for visits june to october or when planning a visit for saturday. It is native to western north america from southern british columbia south to central california, and eastward to. Find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. The bark has a somewhat aromatic odor and an extremely bitter taste. Rhamnus purshianafrangula the naturopathic herbalist.
Rhamnus alaternusmediterranean buckthorn europe rhamnus alpinusalpine buckthorn europe. Cascara sagrada is the dried bark of rhamnus purshiana. Its species range from 1 to 10 meters 330 tall rarely to 15 metres, 50 and are native mainly in east asia and north america, but found throughout the temperate and subtropical northern hemisphere, and also more locally in the subtropical southern hemisphere. The european medicines agency is currently developing this information. The common name cascara sagrada means sacred bark in spanish. It is blotchy gray or brown sometimes tinged with red. An rhamnus purshiana in uska species han magnoliopsida. Shiny green leaves clustered near the ends of twigs are oval with veins indenting the leaf to make the surface wavy. Rhamnus purshiana cascara sagrada pfaf plant database. Cascara sagrada rhamnus purshiana plant profiler sigma.
The first european settlers brought with them items essential to sustain their lives. Rhamnus purshiana is a duodenal herb and is largely responsible for the breakdown food in the small intestine by using enzymes, therefore it helps to improve the digestive process in absorption of vital vitamins and minerals that is vital for women with endometriosis because most of them are found to have some sources of vitamins and minerals. Rhamni purshianae cortex european medicines agency. The bark is collected from wild trees, which are 618 m high, growing on the pacific coast of north america british columbia, washington and oregon. C 1 d dec jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov j f m a m j j a s o n 10 100 precipitation mm 20 30 40 50 0. Rhamnus purshiana rhamnus purshiana, sacred bark rhamp.
Indigenous to southwestern canada and the pacific northwest of the united states of america. Rhamnus purshiana is a medium height, 10m, slender deciduous tree with few branches. Chinook tribe of southwest washington called it chittam or chitticum1 plant family. Rhamnus purshiana cascara, buckthorn cascara, chittam tree. Deciduous tree to 50 ft 15 m tall, or an erect shrub 15 ft 4. Cascara sagrada or cascara buckthorn plant category.
Small, inconspicuous flowers are in clusters of 110, having 4 green sepals. The genus rhamnus contains over 100 species native to. A tree, 410m high, with reddishbrown bark and hairy twigs. Rhamnaceae of north america update, database version 2011 acquired. Rhamnus frangula purshiana california flora nursery. Frangula purshiana, rhamnus purshianus is a species of buckthorn native to western north america from southern british columbia south to central california, and inland to western montana it is the largest species of buckthorn, occasionally growing up to 15 m tall. Silvery gray bark thats nearly smooth, and oval glossy green leaves with veins so prominent that they make the surface wavy and crinkled. Rhamnus purshiana, chittam bark las pilitas nursery. Although the species name in the british, french, german and european pharmacopoeias is given as purshianus, the correct species name is purshiana according to the international code of botanical nomenclature tokyo code 4. Other articles where rhamnus purshiana is discussed.
It is in leaf all year, in flower from may to june, and the seeds ripen in october. Please email us to confirm atnursery availability of plants that are too big to ship. Rhamnus purshiana an overview sciencedirect topics. Rhamnus purshiana cascara, cascara buckthorn, cascara sagrada, bearberry, and in the chinook jargon, chittem stick and chitticum stick. Cascara the buckthorn familyrhamnaceae frangula purshiana d. The name derives from the greek rhamnos, which is feminine and was taken unchanged. Bees are attracted to the clusters of small, creamcolored flowers and birds enjoy the dark purple berries which follow. Purshiana bark, persian bark, chitticum, chittum bark rhamnus purshiana, cascara, california buckthorn, sacred bark. The oral preparations of rhamnus purshiana cascara, like cascara powder, are used for the treatment and management of. In the cascara district several other species of rhamnus occur which are not commercially important, but their resemblance to r. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Constipation issues as a laxative gallstones liver ailments cancer as a bitter tonic manufacturing in beverages and food items, cascara powder is utilized as a flavoring agent. European union herbal monograph on rhamnus purshiana dc. This product is not considered to be safe for use by the us food and drug administration fda.
Dried bark helps you go to the bathroom by stimulating natural rhythmic contractions of bowel peristalsis tones. British columbia south to california, primarily west of the cascades. Cascara rhamnus purshiana article about cascara rhamnus. The activity apparently results from the combined action of several substances, a number of which have. Cascara rhamnus purshiana buckthorn identification. List of references supporting the assessment of rhamni purshianae cortex and rhamnus purshianus d. Merge all documents into a single pdf, compressed to a small file size. Some 150 species of deciduous, sometimes evergreen, trees and shrubs, often with thorny twigs. Rhamnus purshiana cascara sagrada cascara can be considered a large shrub, especially in its multistemmed form, or as a small tree. This 15 to 25 foothigh tree grows in the western united states, from idaho west to california and north to alaska. Flowers bloom anytime from late winter to early summer. Rhamnus purshiana, a dicot, is a tree or shrub that is native to california, is also found outside of california, but is confined to western north america. The leaves are alternateley spaced, but are so close together they may appear to be opposite.
Official cascara sagrada sacred bark, chittern bark is the dried bark of rhamnus purshianus dc frangula purshiana dc a. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs and is pollinated by insects. A deciduous tree up to 40 or 50 ft high in the wild. Jun 24, 2010 cascara sagrada spanish for sacred bark is the bark of the california buckthorn, botanically known as rhamnus purshiana. As of 3192020 all of our fresh cascara sagrada seed has sprouted and so we are marking this out of stock, awaiting the new harvest. Plant propagation protocol for frangula purshiana esrm 412. The leaves are typically deciduous, although in warmer climates the plant can hold. Yet it is a widelyadaptable small tree that is a favorite for birds and suitable for the smaller urban garden. Rhamnus catharticus buckthorn is one of wide distribution, prevailing over northern africa, most of europe, the caucasus, and into siberia. Leaves oblong or oval, rounded at the base, with a short, bluntish apex, either minutely toothed or entire, 2 to 5 in.
Cascara sagrada rhamnus purshiana, packet of 10 fresh seeds. Cascara sagrada is prepared in both liquid and solid forms. The first thing you may notice about cascara rhamnus purshiana, syn. Always check with your doctor before you use a natural product. Frangula purshiana, rhamnus purshianus is a species of plant in the family rhamnaceae. Native to the pacific northwest from canada to california and it is commonly cultivated in kenya and parts of north america. Leaves alternate, opposite or spirally arranged, parallel veins, serrate or entire margins. Name of the medicinal product to be specified for the individual finished product. The plant profiler provides detailed information and bioactive compounds for numerous different plant species. Frangula purshiana, rhamnus purshianus is a species of buckthorn native to western north america from southern british columbia south to central california, and eastward to northwestern montana. Jul 12, 2017 pacific northwest native plant profile.
Rhamnus purshianus synonyms, rhamnus purshianus pronunciation, rhamnus purshianus translation, english dictionary definition of rhamnus purshianus. It is native to the drier upland regions of the northwest and needs full or partial sun. Medium moisture req dry wet exposure req sun shade plant description. Small greenishwhite flowers appear in spring maturing to reddishblack berries that are prized by wildlife. The leaves are simple, oval shaped, with small teeth along the margin. An rhamnus purshiana in nahilalakip ha genus nga rhamnus, ngan familia nga rhamnaceae. Pdf on jan 1, 20, esteban chirino and others published rhamnus spp rhamnus alaternus l. Pdf influence of spraydrying operating conditions on.
Common names cascara buckthorn in english purshs buckthorn in. Leaves are round and leathery with spinytoothed margins. Rhamnus purshiana, cascara woodbrook native plant nursery. Rhamnus purshiana landscape plants oregon state university. Pdf rhamnus spp rhamnus alaternus l rhamnus lycioides l. Rhamnus definition of rhamnus by medical dictionary. Cascara facts, health benefits and nutritional value. Cascara, cascara sagrada, chittem bark, sacred bark, california buckthorn part used. Rhamnus purshianus definition of rhamnus purshianus by.
Under the microscope, a transverse section of cascara sagrada shows an outer yellowishbrown or reddishbrown corky layer consisting of 10 to 15 or more rows of cells. Anthranoidcontaining plants including senna cassia senna and cascara rhamnus purshiana and soluble fibres including guar gum and psyllium can decrease the absorption of drugs. Rhamnus purshianus shrubby tree of the pacific coast of the united states. In some instances it becomes almost a small tree, fluckiger having a specimen 8 inches in diameter.
Cascara our native of the buckthorn family, rhamnus purshiana, is a real sleeper among our native trees frequently overlooked and underappreciated. Rhamnus purshiana is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m 32ft by 6 m 19ft. Rhamnus purshiana is a deciduous tree its leaves are alternate, egg shaped, fine toothed and strongly pinnate. Bark, collected in the spring and early summer when it is easily peeled from the wood. Rhamnus purshiana cascara buckthorn, cascara, bearberry, and in the chinook jargon, chittem and chitticum. More widely known as rhamnus purshiana, this species is also well known by the common name, cascara sagrada, meaning sacred bark in spanish. Rhamnus purshiana cascara sagrada, cascara buckthorn, cascara, bearberry is a species of buckthorn native to western north america, from southern british columbia south to central california, and eastward to northwestern montana. The bark is used medicinally as a very strong laxative. Influence of spraydrying operating conditions on rhamnus purshiana cascara sagrada extract powder physical properties article pdf available in powder technology 2081. Rhamnus is a genus of about 110 accepted species of shrubs or small trees, commonly known as buckthorns, in the family rhamnaceae.
On 11 july 2014, the common and scientific names of this species were changed from. Frangula purshiana, casara buckthorn the natural resources conservation service citation was also added. Rhamnus synonyms, rhamnus pronunciation, rhamnus translation, english dictionary definition of rhamnus. The high quality, evidencebased information on each plant profiler page is gathered by natural standard, the authority on integrative medicine.
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